1、题目关键词：points and examples, describe

 2、答题要领：

 (1)briefly summarize the two defense mechanisms mentioned by the professor.

 (2)use specific examples to explain each one.

 3、听力材料要点：

 (1)People use defense mechanisms to protect themselves psychologically from painful emotions.

 (2)Fantasy: imagination. The example of a lost dog. Imagine something good about the dog. Not real but keeps her pain away.

 (3)Sublimation(升华): turning negative emotions into something useful. Start a dog training school.

 4、模板

 (1)In the listening material, the professor mentions two defense mechanisms.

 (2)The first one is ... For example, ...

 (3)The second one is ... For example, ...