185-4. It has been said, “Not every thing that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?

“Experience is the best teacher” is an old cliché, but I agree with it. The most important, and sometimes the hardest, lessons we learn in life come from our participation in situations. You can’t learn everything from a book.

此段结构

   本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话用一句谚语点明了主旨。后面第两句话对主旨进行了简要分析。

此段功能

   本段是文章首段，点明了作者立场，并提出论点。

美句鉴赏

“Experience is the best teacher” is an old cliché, but I agree   with it.

Of course, learning from books in a formal educational setting is also valuable. It’s in schools that we learn the information we need to function in our society. We learn how to speak and write and understand mathematical equations. This is all information that we need in order to live in our communities and earn a living.

此段结构

   本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨，读书学习也是很重要的。后面第几句话对主旨进行了简要分析。结构非常简单，没有分层。

此段功能

本段是文章的第二段，也就是正文第一段。这一段是一个让步段，反对了作者的论点，进行了一个让步，为后面的证明作者观点进行了铺垫，起到了整篇文章里欲扬先抑的效果。

Nevertheless, I think that the most important lessons can’t be taught; they have to be experienced. No one can teach us how to get along with others or how to have self-respect. As we grow from children into teenagers, no one can teach us how to deal with peer pressure. As we leave adolescence behind and enter adult life, no one can teach us how to fall in love and get married.

此段结构

   本段是一个总分的结构。首先第一句话即点明了主旨。第二句话对主旨进行了简要分析。后面是补充的我们成长的一些生活中的经历，用以佐证分论点。

此段功能

   本段是文章的第三段，也就是正文第二段，写了支持作者立场的第二个分论点。

This shouldn’t stop us from looking for guidelines along the way. Teachers and parents are valuable sources of advice when we’re young. As we enter into new stages in our lives, the advice we receive from them is very helpful because they have already gone through similar experiences. But experiencing our own triumphs and disasters is really the only way to learn how to deal with life.

此段结构

   本段是一个总分总的结构。首先第一句话即重申了文章主旨，对手上文进行了承接总结，即我们还应当自己在生活中寻找其他的guidelins。后面第两句话对主旨进行了简要分析和与其他情况的对比。最后一句话用but进行转折，再次陈述了作者的论点，即我们应当从经验中自己去学习成长。

此段功能

   本段是文章的尾段，对上文进行了承接，并对论点进行了概括分析，最后重申论点，让文章更加立场明确。

满分因素剖析

一、        语言方面

文章很少使用长难句，都是使用的比较简单的句子，但是句式多变。而且，文章也没有使用过多的大词，难词，比起一些比较卖弄辞藻、故弄玄虚的文章来说，多了一分平实，也更加易懂。但是句式多变又让文章极具可读性。

美句鉴赏

1. “Experience is the best teacher” is an old cliché, but I agree with it.

此句中，作者通过引述一句谚语来论证自己的观点。这种论据不仅有很强的说服力，同时这种地道的表达也拉近了与考官老师的距离，为文章增色不少。大家在托福作文的备考中要注意英文谚语的积累，一旦引用成功，文章就会上一个档次。

2. It’s in schools that we learn the information we need to function in our society.

此句是一个强调句，强调的是状语in school。强调句结构为“it is + 被强调部分+that + 句子后半部分”。被强调部分可以句中使除谓语以外的各种结构。判断强调句是否正确的一个标准是去掉句中的It is 和that，如果剩下部分还可以构成一个完整的句子，则强调句语法正确。

3. As we grow from children into teenagers, no one can teach us how to deal with peer pressure. As we leave adolescence behind and enter adult life, no one can teach us how to fall in love and get married.

此句中As引导时间状语从句，表示“随着...”。这两句话最大的两点就是使用了并列的修辞手法，都使用了As...., no one can这样的句型，两句句式对仗，读上去朗朗上口，不仅使得论证语气更加强烈，同时使文章语言富于美感。

二、结构方面

本文采用了补正的欲扬先抑式的写法，这样的写法在考场上并不多见，比较有新意，第一段先承认了去书本学习的好处，后面一段再说还是从经验中学习更好，论述逻辑鲜明。文章活用了很多例子，多使用具体的例子，使得文章论据充分，论述饱满。文章还是用了对比的手法，凸显了从经验中学习的好处。