Issue-33. As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but more complex and mysterious.

满分范文赏析

As knowledge increases through observing, analyzing, and understanding, things around us become less mysterious but more complex. In the following discussion,I would like to present evidence to support my view.

【此段结构】  

第一句开门见山地点出了作者对题目所谈问题的观点：通过观察、分析和理解增长的知识使我们身边的事物变得不那么神秘但更复杂了。第二句表明作者将在下文展开论述。  

【此段功能】  

立论段。针对题中所述，作者直接给出了自己的看法。因为题目围绕知识增多与世间万物的（1）神秘度/可理解度和（2）复杂度的关系。  

The more knowledge we have about the world around us, the less things become mysterious.Let’s look at the case of diseases, for example. In ancient times, the people regarded diseases as the punishment from God. It is obviously absurd for modern people to recognize disease as a punishment but rather a result of infection. Modern people understand that pathogens, viruses, bacteria, or parasites are responsible for disease rather than some supernatural strength beyond our scope of recognition. In understanding this, people can better respond to disease.However, the more we know about disease, the more we realize that we don’tknow. There is still much work to do in the field of disease research.

【此段结构】

总分结构。第一句话提出论点，告诉读者随着人对世间万物知识的增长，它们变得不如以前神秘了。接下来，以人对疾病的认识为例，表明人们了解的越多，疾病的神秘感越弱。本来它是“神的惩罚”，但其实它是由病原体等很多微生物引起的现象。了解（知识增多）之后，人们对疾病得以更佳掌控了。  

【此段功能】  

论点一，围绕知识增多后事物的神秘度展开论述，关注的重点是万物变得不那么神秘了。  

Secondly, when things are well understood, related matters are more easily comprehended. Let’s look again to the example of disease. In the old days, a witch doctor with no medical knowledge assumed the responsibility of a doctor. What the witch doctor was able to do was utter words, play music, and dance. These behaviors were unrelated to the matter of disease. Compared to this preposterous treatment, doctors in modern era prescribe different pills to different patients accordant to their distinct symptom and the cause of disease, which is extremely understandable to everyone. As a consequence, it is clear that with an increase in knowledge, things become more comprehensible than before.

【此段结构】  

总分结构。段首句表明相关事物随着知识增多变得更好理解了。作者再度以disease为例，在巫医横行的古代人们不明白疾病发生的原因。关于疾病的知识增长后，现代的医生可以对症下药，人们对疾病这一事物也更容易理解了。  

【此段功能】  

同样是论点一，围绕知识增多后事物的神秘度/可理解度展开论述，关注的重点是万物变得更可理解了。  

However,even though more knowledge makes things less mysterious, they are more complex.A well-known philosopher once remarked that the knowledge we have is like the content of a circle in that the unknown part is determined by the perimeter of the circle. So once someone got more knowledge, one must confront more unknown things. It reveals that we are able to think deeply and broadly based on knowledge and find things that are more complex than we thought. For example,the nature of the universe always intrigued scientists and common people alike.The world used to be depicted like a flat cubic until Columbus travelled around the earth. Later, people considered the earth as the center of the whole universe. But it again was disproved by Copernicus's theory that all planets,including the earth itself, revolve around the sun. Additionally, modern observation techniques reveal more interesting phenomena, such as the blackhole. We have the ability to see it now, but not the ability to understand it.

【此段结构】  

还是总分结构。首句为本段论点：知识的扩展令事物神秘感减少，但是复杂度增加了。作者先是引用某哲学家对人们的已知和未知用圆和周长比喻的例子，后又用人们对universe的认识来支持随着知识深度广度的增加，世界显得更复杂了。最后总结道事物复杂度导致有时候我们可以发现现象，但未必研究得透本质。  

【此段功能】  

论点二，围绕知识增多后事物的复杂度做出论述。作者认为复杂度增加了。  

To sum it up, while the world around us is becoming less and less mysterious, it is certainly becoming more and more complicated as we acquire more knowledge. However, we should not give up our mission, to seek the truth behind every unknown.

【此段结构】  

第一句总结全文，重申了作者的观点。第二句稍作补充和延伸，指出人们应该不忘使命，继续探求未知事物。  

【此段功能】  

总结段，再次点出作者观点。  

满分要素剖析

一、语言表达
作者言简意赅地对题目进行了论述，尽管没有使用过多的复杂语法，但词语使用是令本文脱颖而出的亮点，展示了作者的英语水平。

1.It isobviously absurd for modern people to recognize disease as a punishment but rather a result of infection. 这一句的it是形式主语，代替句中的不定时to recognize…的内容。这种形式非常多见，因为在主语过长的情况下，使用形式主语可以使句子不会产生头重脚轻的感觉。

2.In the old days, a witch doctor with no medical knowledge assumed the responsibility of a doctor. 这句话中的谓语动词assume表示的不是最常用的假定、假设，而是另一个意思，表示to take or begin to have power or responsibility，即承担，担任。

3.What the witch doctor was able to do was utter words, play music, and dance. 这里面utter一词并非形容词表示absolute或complete，而是动词表示发出声音，说，讲。如果读一些语言学的相关文献，遇见这个词的几率会很高。除了发声、说、讲之外，utter作为动词也可引申为发表，抒发，吐露。因此，在其他写作中可以看情况替换express，speak，say，deliver，state等词。

4.For example, the nature of the universe always intrigued scientists and common people alike. 有时候有些词看似不难，但我们不一定知道它的确切用法。比如此句末尾的alike，是一个副词，表示similarly，in the same way，放在此句可以理解为是既吸引科学家，又吸引普通人，以一样的方式吸引了他们。

二、逻辑结构
本文论点明确，论证完整有力。作者针对题目，认识到这需要他/她探讨知识扩展后，世间万物的可理解度，或者说神秘度，和复杂度增加抑或减少的问题。因此，作者提出了一个观点——知识的扩展使事物的神秘度减少，而复杂度也增加了。作者以总分总的结构，先后围绕神秘度和复杂度展开论述。关于神秘度，作者先论证知识增加使事物变得不那么神秘，又论证事物变得更好理解；关于复杂度，作者解释了知识拓展如何增进了事物的复杂性，新知识令事物延伸出更多待探究的问题。例证的选取比较得当，从人们对疾病的认识，对发病原因的理解，到对宇宙的认识，分别支持了论点。