Issue-73. Colleges and universities should require all faculty to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach.

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满分范文赏析

There are more and more complaints from students who find that what they learn in classroom can hardly be directly applied to job related tasks. There seems to be a gap between the courses content and the reality at work. If faculty worked outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach, it may help provide more satisfactory educational experience given the practical demands that can be expected of the students in their future career. However, one must be reasonable in their expectations because not all fields would benefit from having the instructor work outside of the educational institution.

【此段结构】  

本段前两句解释了与本题相关的背景，指出很多学生认为课堂所学与工作所需结合不紧密，课堂教学内容与工作实际需要之间存在差距。第三句起，联系到题目的叙述，提出作者的观点，即题中所说的policy需要考虑具体学科，不是所有领域都能因此受益。  

【此段功能】  

分析题目，解释背景，提出观点。  

It is not necessarily guaranteed that, with experience outside of the classroom, instruction in the classroom can be improved. Generally there are two categories of disciplines with different purposes of education in universities: one is to train students with practical skills which put them at more advantageous position in the job markets (engineering or law school), another aims at cultivating well-rounded persons (history, philosophy, or some theoretical science). The education in these disciplines does not guarantee the students to earn more money but to cultivate such abilities of independent and critical thinking, creativity and the desire to explore the unknown territories.

【此段结构】  

首句提纲挈领，指出教师在校外的工作经验未必能保证课堂教学更成功。接下来将学校里的学科以教学目的分为两类：讲求实际技能类与培养基本思维类。  

【此段功能】  

综合地展开解释了作者的观点：教师在校外的工作经验未必能保证课堂教学更成功；并且将大学里的学科按教学目的分为两类，为接下来的论述做准备。  

Let’s address the faculties responsible for training students with practical skills. For these instructors, the experience outside the classroom in a professional job can help improve the quality of their instructions. The job outside can keep the faculty member up to date with developing problems and methods in the field. Based on the understanding, they can better design the contents of their courses to prepare their students to face real job challenges. A more accurate classroom experience would enable students to better select careers related to their interests.

【此段结构】  

前两句可以看出，作者在解释讲求实际技能类学科的教师在校外的工作经验对校内教学的帮助。接下来给出的理由是，这样可以领教师接触到最新的动态，并将这些用于教学内容的设计，可以令学生学到更实用的东西。最后一句指出，这样更贴近实际的课堂也会让学生更便于选择自己的兴趣所在。  

【此段功能】  

检视题目所述观点与讲求实际技能类学科的适用性。  

However, let’s consider the other side of education—the arts. One of the obvious difficulties for these faculties is that there are only a few professional related jobs for them outside of educational institutions. Except for universities and research institutes, seldom require the assistance of a historian, for example. If these faculties were required to find a related job outside of the education institution, the quality of the instruction from these faculties might not improve at all. Their skills depend on the deep understanding as a result of long time independent thinking, analyzing, synthesis, and discussion with colleagues not from the experience outside. A job outside might just prove to be a distraction and detract from their ability to provide a good educational experience.

【此段结构】  

前两句提出了培养基本技能类学科（the arts）的教师去从事校外的相关领域工作并不现实。接下来解释了现实中并没有太多工作机会可以提供，而且这些学科的教学质量也不会因为校外工作经验而提高，而是通过长期的研究，思考分析，与同事讨论等等。在校外工作反而是教师分心，影响教学。  

【此段功能】  

检视题目所述观点与培养基本技能类学科的适用性。  

In conclusion, before mandating that all educators be required to take up a career outside of the education institution, it would be prudent to consider whether that experience would enrich or detract from the course content.

【此段结构】  

一句话总结了全文论述，作者重新指出，需要严谨地思考教师的校外工作经验对教学内容的影响再决定题目中所说的政策。  

【此段功能】  

总结全文，重申作者观点。

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满分要素剖析

一、语言表达
本文语言给读者的整体感觉首先是流畅，因为作者用到的语法点都不存在错误，而且词汇和语言使用地道准确。接下来摘选一些可以启发其他考生的句子进行点评：

1、There seems to be a gap between the courses content and the reality at work. 这句话乍一看并无特别之处，但有一个词用得比较好，那就是gap。这个词非常简单，可是有时候想表达“差距、距离、差异”的时候考生却未必能想起来这个最简单却好用的词。本句中它指的是course content和reality at work的差距。

2、It is not necessarily guaranteed that, with experience outside of the classroom, instruction in the classroom can be improved. 这句话用到了形式主语，it指代that后面的内容，即句子的真正主语。仔细看句子的真正主语，你会发现方式状语with experience…classroom提前了，因为这是作者想强调的内容，也是本文话题的要素之一。

3、In conclusion, before mandating that all educators be required to take up a career outside of the education institution, it would be prudent to consider whether that experience would enrich or detract from the course content. 本文的最后一句话中，作者用到了mandate一词。它的意思是强制执行、责令；接下来的短语take up在此是“从事”的意思，后面接与工作、职业有关的词语。

二、逻辑结构
本文作者对题目的叙述没有简单地肯定或否定，而是采取了一种辩证的观点，认为需要具体问题具体分析。在文章中，作者从两方面论述了他/她对题目的看法。他/她将大学的学科分为两类——讲求实际技能类以及培养基本思维类，然后分别论述了每一类是否适用题目提出的观点，即所有教师应该在学术界以外的相关领域内工作。作者认为这种观点对讲求实际技能类学科适用，但是认为对培养基本思维类学科未必适用，并分别提出了理由。